Free Appraisal2026-02-25T15:44:49+00:00

Getting a free vintage guitar appraisal shouldn’t be a hassle. At Joe’s Vintage Guitars, I help owners and collectors nationwide find out exactly what their gear is worth in today’s market. Whether you’re trying to find the cash value of a vintage Gibson, need a Fender Serial Number identified, or have an entire Guitar Collection to Sell, I provide the straight-up expert advice you need. My goal is to make sure you have the right numbers before you sell or insure your instrument.

How to Get Your Free Vintage Guitar Valuation In 3 Simple Steps

Step 1:

Send Over the Details

Just fill out the form below with the brand, model, and a few clear photos. Whether you have one old Fender or a high-value collection you’ve built over a lifetime, this is the best way to get the ball rolling. The more details you can provide, the more accurate the guitar identification will be. You can also feel free to call, text or email if you’d prefer to reach out that way.

Man Taking A Clear Photo Of A Cherry Gibson ES-335 To Show Brand And Model
Joe Dampt Reviewing And Researching The Details And Market Value Of A Gibson Barney Kessel Guitar

Step 2:

Expert Review & Research

I use multiple data points beyond just the serial number to date your vintage guitar correctly, including pot codes and hardware specs. I’ll personally dive into the details, checking the serial number and looking over the parts and overall condition. I’ll identify the guitar model & year, then I’ll compare your guitar against actual recent sales and my own deep market data to find its true current market value.

Step 3:

Get Your Valuation

I’ll get back to you with a straight-up, honest look at the current market value of your guitar. Whether you’re just curious about its history or you’re ready to move it on to a new home, you’ll have the expert data you need. If you do decide to sell, I’m always happy to make a competitive cash offer to buy it using our easy nationwide selling process.

E-Mail By Joe Dampt Explaining The Current Market Value Of A Cherry Red Gibson ES-335 Vintage Guitar

Get An Appraisal

For Your Vintage Guitar Or Collection Online Or In Person

    *If you have photos, you will have the option to upload them after clicking submit

    A Trusted Authority In Nationwide Vintage Guitar Values

    Expertise By The Numbers

    • 10,000+ Vintage Instruments Appraised Personally
    • $2,000,000+ Annual Volume in Vintage Gear Bought & Sold

    • 1,000+ Instruments Repaired & Restored by Joe (Not outsourced)

    • 20+ Countries Shipped to Globally

    • 1500+ Hours of live performance and studio session guitar work

    A National Name in Vintage: Even though I’m in Mesa, I’ve spent years building a reputation as a trusted vintage guitar buyer for collectors all over the country. I focus on the high-end stuff—the instruments that have a rich history and require a real eye for detail.

    Expert Remote Identification: You don’t have to ship your guitar just to find out what it is. I’m an expert at spotting original parts, finish issues, and hardware specs just by looking at high-res photos. I’ve done thousands of these remote appraisals for owners across the US, helping them verify their gear from their own living room.

    Beyond the “Big Three”: I know the market inside and out for more than just Fender and Gibson. If you need an accurate Gretsch appraisal, the value of a vintage Guild, or help identifying a rare Rickenbacker or Epiphone, I’ve got the national sales data to give you a real number.

    Real-World Market Data: I don’t look at the bargain bin prices from 10 years ago, or the often inflated “asking prices” you see on Reverb. I track the actual sales data across the national vintage guitar market to make sure my valuations reflect what’s actually happening in the world of guitar collecting today.

    Notable Appraisals: Real-World Vintage Guitar Case Studies

    I’ve handled thousands of vintage instruments over the years. Here are a few examples where my research helped sellers get the full story—and the right price—for their gear.

    Fender custom color authentication: 1966 Fender Jaguar in Lake Placid Blue

    How authentication doubled the value of a 1966 Jaguar

    • The Challenge: Determining if the rare custom color finish was factory-original or a high-quality “pro-refinish” from years ago.
    • The Detail: I asked the seller for photos of the “paint stick” mark in the neck pocket in order to aid in finish authentication, as well as detailed photos of the electronics to inspect the originality of the solder joints. Untouched solder joints are key in confirming the originality of a Fender finish. I also verified the neck heel date and pot codes to confirm the 1966 production window.
    • The Outcome: Confirmed the guitar was a 100% original custom color survivor. This verification provided the owner with a precise market valuation, reflecting its rarity compared to the more common sunburst models. Custom color Fender guitars are often worth twice as much (or more) than sunburst models.
    Neck heel date stamp reading "15 MAY 66" (May 15, 1966), confirming the original build date of the instrument.
    Close-up of a vintage guitar neck pocket showing aged with a Lake Placid Blue finish visible on the body.
    Interior cavity shot showing original vintage guitar mid-1960s-fender-jaguar
    Identifying An Original Vintage 1962 Gibson ES-335
    Close-Up Of Original PAF Humbucking Pickups On A 1962 Gibson ES-335

    Vintage PAF Pickup Identification: 1962 Gibson ES-335 (Transitional Year)

    How Confirming Original PAFs Secured a Premium Valuation for a 1962 Gibson

    • The Challenge: 1962 is a major “transition” year for Gibson. The goal was to determine if this Cherry 335 still held the coveted PAF pickups, early Patent Number pickups, or a mix of both. This was an in-person appraisal.
    • The Detail: I pulled the pickups to verify the PAF stickers, “L” shaped tooling marks, cover solder, and overall construction. I then looked at the pots and wiring to confirm that the electronics were untouched. I also spent time on the hardware, identifying the “no-wire” ABR-1 bridge and the “short seam”, lightweight aluminum stop tailpiece. Unlike the heavier zinc versions that followed, this specific tailpiece is a key indicator of an early ’62. I finished by verifying that the single-line, double-ring Kluson tuners were original with no added or enlarged holes.
    • The Outcome: This was a “best-case scenario” with two original PAFs and all-original hardware. This confirmation significantly boosted the seller’s market position, helping them realize the full premium value of a transitional 1962 model.

    Gibson Factory Inconsistencies: 1956 Gibson ES-5 (The “N” Mystery)

    From ‘Fake’ Suspect to Factory Original: Solving the Mystery of a 1956 Gibson

    • The Challenge: This was an in-person appraisal with a couple of “red flags.” It was a Natural finish, but the label was missing the “N” designation Gibson usually used. Even weirder, it had double black “stingers” on the back of the neck, which can often mean that someone is trying to hide a headstock/heel repair or a refinish.
    • The Detail: I did a deep dive into the finish, looking at the weather checking and the way the finish had aged under the hardware. Also performed a “blacklight test” by looking for that telltale nitrocellulose green glow and consistency of finish. I looked for any overspray in the cavities and checked the interior for original wiring. After a full physical disassembly, I was able to prove that the missing “N” was just a factory slip-up. Most importantly, the finish and those black stingers were 100% factory original.
    • The Outcome: By certifying the guitar as factory-original, I cleared up the doubts that would have made buyers walk away. It gave the owner peace of mind and protected the value of a seriously rare Gibson.
    1956 Gibson ES-5 In Case
    Joe Dampt Inspecting A Rare 1956 Gibson ES-5 With A Factory Error

    Free Expert Market Valuation vs. Official Insurance Appraisals

    I handle appraisals two ways depending on what you’re trying to do. Both come from my years spent tracking the national vintage guitar market, but they’re for two different situations.

    Vintage guitar owner receiving free expert market valuation from Joe's Vintage Guitars specialist informal appraisal based on real sales data
    Free Expert Market Valuation: This is the “straight-talk” option. Use this if you’re thinking about selling, found a family heirloom, or just want to know what your guitar is actually worth in today’s economy. It’s an informal assessment based on actual sales data, not the “dreamer” asking prices you see all over the internet.
    Official vintage guitar insurance appraisal document on Joe's Vintage Guitars letterhead
    Official Insurance Appraisals: If you need a formal, legal document for an insurance rider, a tax donation, or an estate, you’ll need this instead. I provide a detailed, signed report on Joe’s Vintage Guitars letterhead that meets the strict requirements of major insurers. This covers the deep-dive research and the professional liability that comes with a certified valuation.

    Current Market Pulse: Notes From The Trade

    The vintage market doesn’t sit still. Here’s a quick look at what I’m seeing right now from the daily “buy and sell” side of the national vintage guitar market:

    • “Player Grade” is on fire. I’m seeing a surge in demand for 50s and 60s gear that is “player grade”. Whereas any modification used to be a death sentence for value, I’ve been noticing that the market has become increasingly forgiving towards modifications, especially if they are era-correct vintage mods. Now, is your refinished Fender going to be worth as much as an original one? Not even close. But it will be worth comparatively more than it was a few years ago, especially if it’s a cool older refinish.
    • The Hunt for Transition Years. Collectors are getting much more specific. They’re hunting for those “in-between” months where the specs were shifting. If I can identify a stray PAF pickup or an early-spec neck profile on a mid-60s piece, it’s adding thousands to the value.
    • The Reality Check. There’s a massive gap right now between the “asking prices” you see on the big public sites and what the actual sales data is telling us. A lot of sellers are still acting as if COVID-era price inflation never ended. Don’t get me wrong—the market is still great—but prices aren’t climbing at that same crazy rate anymore. It’s left the market cluttered with unsold listings and inflated, speculative prices that just aren’t grounded in reality.
    • “Under the Radar” Brands. Everyone wants a Burst or a Blackguard, but I’m seeing a huge uptick in interest for brands like Gretsch, Guild, and Epiphone (Kalamazoo-made). The “alternative” vintage market is booming because the value-to-vibe ratio is so high. If you’ve got a clean Gretsch 6120 or an Epiphone Sheraton, don’t sleep on it—the collector interest in these “other” brands is at an all-time high.

    Vintage Guitar Collection Appraisals: Expert Valuation for Estates & Large Inventories

    When you’re looking at 20, 50, or even 100+ instruments, the hardest part is usually just knowing where to start. Whether you built the collection yourself or you’ve suddenly inherited a room full of gear, I’m here to help you get a clear, realistic look at what’s actually there.

    I’ve personally appraised and purchased dozens of 100+ piece collections—my largest to date was a single appraisal and purchase totaling 713 guitars and amps! No collection is too big or too complex for me to handle professionally.

    Large Collection Of Electric Guitars
    • Inventory Without the Stress. I will help you catalog the whole collection. We’ll turn a confusing pile of cases into a professional list with the exact years and models identified. You need this for your records anyway, but it’s the first step in seeing the real value of the gear.
    • Spotting the “Money” Guitars. Not every vintage guitar is a museum piece. I’ll help you identify the “heavy hitters”—the high-value collector items—and separate them from the “player-grade” gear. Knowing which three or four guitars drive 80% of the collection’s value changes your whole strategy.
    • One Voice for Every Brand. You don’t need to chase down a “Gibson guy” and a “Martin guy.” I spend my days tracking actual sales data for all the major American names—Gretsch, Guild, Rickenbacker, and the rest. You get one expert opinion for the entire collection.
    • Remote Collection Review. You don’t have to ship a trailer of gear to Mesa just to get an answer. I’ve developed a specific system for remote collection appraisals where I can verify authenticity and condition through high-res photos. It’s the fastest way to get a real number without the logistical nightmare of moving a whole collection.

    Spotting The Fakes: A Professional Guide To Gibson, Martin, And Fender Authenticity

    The market right now is crawling with “tributes,” partscasters, and outright scams that are designed to fool people who don’t spend every day looking at 1950s wood. When I handle an appraisal, I’m not just checking a box or looking up a serial number—I’m doing a forensic deep dive. The truth is always buried in the stuff that’s too expensive or too tedious for a faker to get right, like the specific alloy of a Gibson nut or the way a Martin stamp hits the mahogany. I put this guide together to show you the big red flags I look for. If your guitar doesn’t line up with these specs, or if you’re just getting a “bad vibe” from the build, that’s exactly why you need an expert to weigh in before you put your money on the line.

    How To Spot A Fake Gibson: Beyond The “Chibson” Red Flags

    The Truss Rod Reveal

    If you want to know what you’re really holding, the first thing you should do is remove the bell-shaped cover off the headstock. A real-deal Gibson uses a brass hex nut for adjustments. Almost every fake I’ve seen—the “Chibsons” coming out of overseas factories—uses a recessed Allen key adjustment. If you see a deep hole meant for a hex wrench instead of that standing brass nut, you’re looking at a counterfeit. It’s a five-minute check that can save thousands of dollars.

    Identifying A Fake Gibson Guitar By A Hole Meant For A Hex Wrench
    Authentic Gibson Guitar With A Standing Brass Nut
    Fake Gibson Guitar Bridge With Chunky Bolts With A Flathead Screwdriver Slot On Top
    Authentic Gibson Guitar Bridge With Thumbwheels

    The “Flathead” Bridge Tell

    This is one of the easiest ways to spot a fake from across the room. On a genuine American-made Gibson, the bridge is adjusted using thumbwheels. Counterfeits almost exclusively use a bridge that sits on large, chunky bolts with a flathead screwdriver slot on top. It’s a classic sign of cheap, import hardware. Gibson doesn’t use those big, slotted adjustment screws on their flagship USA models. If you see a bridge that looks like it was designed to be cranked with a screwdriver rather than adjusted by hand, it’s a massive red flag that the guitar didn’t come from the Gibson factory.

    The Headstock “Wings”

    Flip the guitar over and look at the back of the headstock under a good light. A genuine Gibson neck is carved from a single piece of mahogany, but the “flares” on the side of the headstock are actually separate pieces of wood called “wings” glued on at the factory. You should be able to see those two subtle seams. Most fakes use a “scarf joint”—a diagonal seam running across the neck behind the nut—which is something Gibson just doesn’t do on their American-made flagship models.

    Authentic Gibson Headstock Showing Original Factory Wing Seam
    Fake Gibson Headstock Back Showing No Wing Seam Line
    Fake Gibson Guitar Serial Number
    Authentic Gibson Guitar With Stamped Serial Number

    Stampings vs. Laser Etching

    Gibson serial numbers are stamped into the wood before the guitar hits the paint booth. Because of that, the numbers look a bit soft and “filled in” by the lacquer. Counterfeits usually laser-etch the numbers after the finish is dry. If the serial number looks sharp enough to cut your finger, or if you can see raw wood inside the numbers, it’s a fake. A real Gibson stamp looks like it’s part of the wood, not sitting on top of it.

    Is Your Martin Guitar A Fake? Hallmarks Of A Genuine Martin

    The Neck Block Identity

    A genuine Martin doesn’t rely on a paper trail; its identity is branded into the very soul of the instrument. When you peer through the soundhole, the model name and Martin serial number should be cleanly stamped into the solid mahogany neck block using Martin’s signature sans-serif typeface. This specific font is defined by its mechanical precision and the total absence of “feet” or serifs on the letters—a detail fakers almost always miss.

    Counterfeiters usually stumble here, opting for generic, serifed stamps or sloppy ink transfers that bleed into the wood grain. On a real-deal Martin, the alignment is perfectly centered and the depth of the compression is uniform across every digit. If the characters appear “wandering,” unevenly spaced, or look like they were printed on the surface rather than pressed into the timber, you’re looking at a modern fake rather than a USA-built classic.

    Fake Martin Guitar Neck Block With Generic Serifed Stamp
    Authentic Martin Guitar With Cleanly Stamped Model Name In Neck Block

    The “Inside-Outside” Grain Test

    This is the fastest way to catch a laminate fake. If you’re looking at a high-end piece like a Brazilian Rosewood D-28, the grain has to match. Pick out a specific dark swirl or a unique grain line on the back of the guitar, then look through the soundhole at that exact same spot on the inside. On a solid-wood Martin, those patterns are going to be identical. If the inside looks like plain, characterless wood while the outside is figured rosewood, it’s a laminate—and it’s definitely not a real Martin.

    Authentic Martin Brazilian Rosewood D-28 With Unique Grain Line Outside
    Authentic Martin Brazilian Rosewood D-28 With Unique Grain Line Inside

    The Back Center Strip

    Take another look inside the soundhole at the strip of wood running down the center of the back. On a genuine Nazareth-built Martin, that strip is almost always stamped with “C.F. Martin & Co. Nazareth, PA.” It’s a tiny detail, but it’s one of those “secret handshakes” of authenticity that most fakers miss. If that strip is blank or the font looks like a modern computer print, you need to bring it in for a professional look.

    Authentic Martin Guitar Back Stamped With C.F. Martin & Co. Nazareth, PA.

    How To Tell If A Fender Is Real

    This is where fakers usually trip up. They’ll try to sell a “1954” Stratocaster that has an 11-screw pickguard (which didn’t exist until 1959) or a “1960s” neck with a 3-bolt plate and a “Micro-Tilt” adjustment. Fender was very specific about which hardware went with which era. If the “patina” on the bridge looks brand new but the body is heavily relic’d, or if you see modern “F-style” tuners on a supposed pre-CBS neck, it’s a sign that the guitar has been pieced together from a parts bin.

    Vintage Fender Guitar Neck Heel Showing A Hand-Stamped '2 OCT 62 B'

    Date Stamps & Codes

    The real story of a Fender is usually hidden where the parts meet. On a vintage piece, you’re looking for a handwritten pencil date or a specific ink stamp on the “butt” of the neck—something like “5-62” or “13MAY65B.” If you pull the neck and find a clean, modern-looking barcode or absolutely no markings at all, you’re likely holding a newer guitar or a “Partscaster” rather than a vintage factory-original instrument. The body and neck should “talk” to each other; if the neck is dated 1962 but the body has 1970s-era routing, you’ve got a mismatch. You can find more information on date stamps and pot codes in the “Advanced Dating” section of our Fender Serial Number page.

    The “Walnut Plug” Test

    If you’re looking at a Fender with a headstock-adjust truss rod, the first thing you should check is the hole where the wrench goes. On a genuine American Fender, you’ll see a distinct dark walnut wood plug surrounding that adjustment hole. Counterfeits almost always cut corners here, leaving you with a raw wood hole or a cheap black plastic insert. If that dark walnut ring isn’t there, the neck didn’t come from the Corona or Fullerton factories. Note that this only applies to USA made Fender guitars. Import Fender guitars may have a plastic plug.

    Authentic USA Fender guitar headstock showing original dark walnut wood truss rod plug
    Authentic Fender truss rod walnut plug variation showing correct dark wood ring — valid USA Fender factory identifier distinguishing genuine from counterfeit necks
    Authentic Fender truss rod walnut plug variation showing correct dark wood ring — valid USA Fender factory identifier distinguishing genuine from counterfeit necks
    Fake Fender guitar headstock with black plastic truss rod insert instead of walnut plug

    Authentic Vintage Guitar Reviews

    5-Star Rated Vintage Guitar Appraiser Across The USA

    I called Joe last week for free appraisal of an early ’70’s Gibson SG guitar and a similar era Fender Super Reverb amplifier. He was personable on the phone, interested, and asked that I send photos and descriptions of the items, which I did. After that, I attempted follow up several times, texting and leaving messages, with no response. I became discouraged, and left a negative Google review of my experience. Joe immediately contacted me to explain that he had been travelling, not receiving calls while in the air, and admitted with apology that he had lost track of my inquiry in the process. He offered to make it right.
    After giving my appraisal, he ended up purchasing my Gibson for what I considered a fair price. Very honorable after all. Thank you.

    Barry Smith ★★★★★

    It was a pleasure dealing with Joe. I do enjoy doing business with companies and/or persons that answer the phones or texts in a timely manner!
    The transaction was for a vintage Fender 1956 guitar . Joe’s knowledge of vintage guitars value and offering the best price stood out.
    My two sisters and I contacted multiple sources and had feedback from others in the industry and Joe stood out by far.
    One of our concerns was the transaction due to the dollar amount. We had no issues and I believe Joe to have a ethical business.
    Dan Tarnowski ★★★★★

    Joe was very helpful in assessing the condition and value of my vintage Gibson guitar online. I highly recommend Joe as a friendly, very knowledgeable vintage guitar appraiser. He was thorough and also very detailed in his explanation and provided expert professional service. Thank you kindly Joe!! Highly recommended to anyone looking for high quality instruments, repairs and appraisals.
    Matt D. ★★★★★

    I came across Joe’s Vintage Guitars online and decided to call them because I’m not entirely clueless about what to look for in a vintage guitar but my knowledge is no where near the high end of the spectrum either. I called to see if I could get a second opinion about an electric guitar that was for sale and Joe answered at a time many people are already sleeping. He offered his services, asked me to send him some photos of what I was looking at, and in a turn around time of less than 5 minutes from me calling to Joe emailing me back with answers to the photos I had sent him, I had the extra info I needed to make a decision on the guitar purchase. I highly recommend making use of Joe’s very fast appraisal service if you have any questions, or doubts about any guitar you’re buying or selling. To go with this, they also do consignment and instrument repairs.
    Alex Pukal ★★★★★

    I came across their website as I was trying to verify the date and value of my Les Paul Deluxe before listing it on ebay. Their response was very fast and complete. Long story short, I sold my guitar to Joe’s Vintage Guitars without any of the hassles that one goes through when listing on ebay. If you are thinking about selling a vintage guitar, contact these guys before listing it elsewhere. The buyer made shipping the guitar very easy (and paid for shipping) and I received payment for my guitar while I was still at the Fedex office. Great experience. Thank you.

    Miles ★★★★★

    I recently acquired a Gibson guitar and from research had an idea of its value but wanted a professional opinion. I found Joe’s Vintage guitars online and contacted them. They were quick to respond asked some questions and I provided them photos. The following day they provided their opinion. I wasn’t looking for an appraisal, per se, just an honest opinion and they graciously provided me with it. Thanks!
    Scott Hooks ★★★★★

    I wish I could give Joe more than 5 stars. He appraised 2 guitars for me incredibly quickly at no cost. He purchased a third one from me at a price that I’m certain cannot be beat by other online buyers (I had an inbox of offers from other places where I entered information for appraisals). The entire process of selling/shipping is flawless, simple and time saving. This is coming from someone who not only can’t believe I’m typing this but still can’t believe how smoothly the transaction went. He provided me with an unbelievable experience-almost felt as if I found a passionate local shop yet it was all done via technology and FedEx where he has an account and I, as others mentioned, received full payment before leaving FedEx. Nothing stated on his website is exaggerated- everything is risk free and up until the very end, seemed too good to be true but it’s ALL 100%. I will forever recommend Joe’s vintage guitars!! I will also probably have questions for him in the future as I continue to clear out guitars/guitar equipment. THANK YOU once again!

    Jess ★★★★★

    I needed help with accurately unscrambling the serial number on my Gibson Spirit . . . saw a few sites and wasn’t sure, then I saw Joe’s web site and it said “Contact me if you need help dating, valuing or selling a guitar from this time period.” So I called, he answered quickly and he told me it was indeed a 1983 Spirit. Nice guy, real chill and pleasant to speak with. Thanks Joe. So, if you need help with a guitar question, especially with serial numbers, give Joe a call. Blessings.

    Kevin Richard Scholl ★★★★★

    I wanted to say how wonderful and easy Joe made selling my grandmothers Gibson guitar. He is so knowledgeable, cares about the personal value, and wants to share the story behind the instrument. He traveled all the way to New England to pick it up.He was honest, and gave us a very fair price. His love for guitars and preserving their history is very evident. Thanks Joe!He is the BEST!

    Tony DePrizio ★★★★★

    FAQs About Our Guitar Appraisal Services

    Fair Market Value is what you can realistically expect a buyer to hand you in cash today. An insurance appraisal is usually higher—it represents the retail replacement cost to buy an equivalent instrument from a dealer if yours is stolen or destroyed. We provide the exact numbers for both, so you know where you stand, whether you’re cashing out or updating your policy.

    Not at all. While we love having great gear walk through our doors, our remote appraisal system is built for accuracy. By reviewing high-resolution photos of specific forensic details—like neck heels, pot codes, and solder joints—we can authenticate and value your instrument from anywhere in the country.

    Public sold listings lack crucial context. A 1965 Stratocaster that sold for $12,000 might have had unoriginal pickups, a refret, and overspray, while an untouched survivor could command double that amount. We price your instrument using private, off-market sales data and exact factory specs that public platforms simply don’t account for.

    It depends heavily on the era and the quality of the work, but generally, a refinish on a golden-era Fender or Gibson cuts the pure collector value by about 50%. A headstock break does the same, usually dropping the price by 40% to 50%. The good news? These guitars remain highly desirable as “player grade” instruments, and we know exactly how to price them to sell in that market.

    Yes. Valuing a lifetime collection during estate settlement requires absolute accuracy and clean documentation. We provide official, written appraisals that hold up in legal, tax, and probate scenarios, taking the burden and guesswork off the family’s shoulders.

    Absolutely. If you decide you’re ready to sell, we make competitive, hassle-free cash offers based on the Fair Market Value we just uncovered. There is never any pressure to sell to us, but the option is always there if you want a fast, secure transaction without dealing with tire-kickers online.

    Read Our Blog For Vintage Guitar Serial Numbers, Values & More

    Go to Top